Pauke

noun. kettledrum [noun] a type of drum made of a brass or copper bowl covered with a stretched skin etc.

[ˈpaukə] feminine noun Word forms: Pauke genitive , Pauken plural. 1. ( Mus) kettledrum.

sfz means sforzando , a sudden accent. fp means fortepiano , loud then soft. sf means subito forte , play 'suddenly' (subito) loud (forte) rfz means rinforzando , play with gradual emphasis or broad accentuation until otherwise noted.

Purfling is a narrow decorative edge inlaid into the top plate and often the back plate of a stringed instrument. It was originally made of laminated strips of wood, and later nacre and other hard inlay materials. Plastic is commonly used in modern mass-produced instruments.

1812 In about 1812 the Munich court timpanist Gerhard Kramer designed a mechanism that attached all the screws to a master screw so that the skin tension could be altered by means of a single handle or pedal. The machine drum, which made rapid tuning possible, had arrived.

a very large drum with a round bottom that is played especially in an orchestra.

piano p. piano (soft) mp. mezzo-piano (medium soft)

Markings like sforzando tell the player to suddenly play loud, while crescendo and diminuendo markings mean to increase volume and decrease volume.

So to summarise, purfling is not simply for looks, it is an important feature of a violin and has two key functional benefits: It helps to strengthen the edge of the 'plates', whilst enhancing aesthetic appearance. It helps to prevent knocks to the edges developing into cracks in the main body of the 'plate'.

PURFLING - Ornamental inlay strips typically placed inside the binding around the edges of the top of a guitar (and sometimes the back). In common casual usage, people often don't distinguish purfling from binding.

The distinct booming sound comes from drums called timpani, also known as kettledrums, whose name comes from the Italian word timpano, which is also where we get the word tympanum, or ear drum. The eardrum is a stretched membrane that vibrates when struck by sound waves.

Timpani, or kettle drums, are a special type of drum used in an orchestra. These drums are tuned. By adjusting the tension of the membrane stretched across the head of the drum, different notes can be produced. In orchestras they are often used in pairs, with each drum tuned to a different pitch.