CLASSIFICATION: aerophone, end-blown flute, vertical flute, wind instrument
Western Equivalent – flute
HISTORY: The xiao, also known as dong xiao, is made of bamboo and originated over 2000 years ago. It was some time during the Tang and Sung Dynasty when the vertically-played flutes were categorized as xiao and those horizontally-played flutes as dizi.
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: The xiao is often made from a nine-joint black bamboo with six finger holes, five at the front and one at the rear, and other 2-4 air holes at the lower end.
SOUND PROPERTIES: Its sound is gentle and sweet which makes it most suitable for playing lyrical melodies.
RANGE: The xiao typically comes in one of two keys. In the key of G, the range is d1-e3. In the key of F, the range is c1-d3.
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