Meaning of Continuo in Music
Continuo, also known as basso continuo or thoroughbass, refers to a system of partially improvised accompaniment played on a bass line, usually on a keyboard instrument, in music. It was customary during the Baroque period (17th and 18th centuries) when only the bass line was written out, allowing considerable leeway for the keyboard player to realize the harmonic implications of the bass in relation to the treble part or parts.
The continuo serves as the harmonic framework of a musical composition by providing a bass line and accompanying chordal progression. It fills out the texture of Baroque music and provides rhythmic cohesion to large ensembles. The harpsichord, with its sharp clear attack, was particularly useful in this role.
The continuo group typically consists of at least one instrument capable of playing chords, such as a harpsichord, organ, lute, theorbo, guitar, regal, or harp. Additionally, any number of instruments that play in the bass register, such as cello, double bass, bass viol, or bassoon, may be included to reinforce the bass line.
The exact instrumentation of the continuo group was often left to the discretion of the performers or conductor, depending on the available instruments. In modern performances of chamber works, the most common combination is harpsichord and cello for instrumental works and secular vocal music.
The practice of using continuo instruments declined in the symphonies and concertos of composers like Haydn, Mozart, and early Beethoven. However, it continued to be used in church music for a longer period.
The term "continuo" is sometimes used interchangeably with "basso continuo" or "thoroughbass" to refer to this system of accompaniment in music.
ConclusionContinuo, also known as basso continuo or thoroughbass, is a system of partially improvised accompaniment played on a bass line, usually on a keyboard instrument, in music. It was customary during the Baroque period and provided the harmonic framework of a composition by supplying a bassline and chord progression. The continuo group typically consists of instruments capable of playing chords and reinforcing the bass line. The exact instrumentation of the continuo group varied depending on the performers and the available instruments.
A continuous accompaniment found in Baroque music normally consisting of a bass-pitched instrument (such as cello, bassoon, or double bass) and a keyboard instrument (typically the harpsichord). This practice was eventually abandoned after the Baroque period.
In addition, you can familiarize yourself with the terms:
- [Italian] basso continuo
Leave a Reply