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Under the Helmholtz Octave Designation System, a name applied to the octave which extends from C2 in the middle of the treble clef staff to B2 above the treble clef staff.

: with greatest loudness. used as a direction in music. abbreviation fff.

Less. Typically used in a directive such as "moins vif" (less fast). See more about tempo markings in the Appendix.

Sometimes music should be performed 2 octaves higher or lower than written. In these situations, the indication 15ma or 15 mb is used for higher or lower, respectively. The numeral 15 is an abbreviation for the Italian term quindicesima and refers to the interval of a fifteenth, or 2 octaves.

fifteenth In music, a fifteenth or double octave, abbreviated 15ma, is the interval between one musical note and another with one-quarter the wavelength or quadruple the frequency. It has also been referred to as the bisdiapason. The fourth harmonic, it is two octaves.

very loud : very loud. used especially as a direction in music.

Fortississimo is an indication to play as loudly as possible; louder than fortissimo.

1. Also Known As:
2. Pronunciation: for'-tih-SEE-see-moe.
3. Common Misspellings: fortisissimo, fortissisimo.

instruction to play or sing sweetly. also doucement and douce (both French, meaning 'gently' or 'soft').

doux (Fr) soft, gentle, sweet tres doux et tres expressif very sweet (soft, gentle) and very expressive doux mais e dehors softly but obvious.

2-octaves would be average, but some have more or less. Three and above is considered good. Add some falsetto, whistle and vocal fry to your technique and you should be able to add an octave to your range, whatever your starting point.

Many musical scales encompass an octave; in the diatonic scales (major, minor, and modal) of Western music, the octave is an interval of eight notes.

A double sharp raises a note by a whole step, while a double flat lowers a note by a whole step. Be sure to write accidentals to the left of a note, directly across the line or space on which a note appears. Notes have enharmonic equivalence when they are spelled differently but sound the same.