Meaning of Antiphon in Music
An antiphon in music refers to a chant melody and text that is sung before and after a psalm verse. It originated from the practice of alternating choirs singing in early Christian liturgical music, particularly in Roman Catholic worship. The antiphonal singing of psalms was adopted from Hebrew worship and introduced into the Christian churches in the 4th century by St. Ambrose. In this practice, two choirs would alternate singing the psalm text, or one choir would sing a short refrain (antiphon) between the psalm verses sung by the other choir. The resulting musical form was A V1 A V2 A, where A represents the antiphon and V represents the psalm verse.
The antiphon text typically reflects the meaning of the feast day or the psalm being sung. It may also include canticles from the New or Old Testament. Antiphons are now found in various forms of liturgical music, including Gregorian chant and other musical settings.
References
1. A Catholic liturgical chant with a prose text associated with psalmody sung by two choirs in alternation. It is usually a response or refrain to a psalm or canticle verses.
2. The response made by one part of the choir to another, or one by the congregation to the priest in a Catholic service; also, alternate singing.
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