Meaning of Tin Pan Alley in Music
Tin Pan Alley refers to a genre of American popular music that emerged in the late 19th century and was centered around the American song-publishing industry in New York City. The name "Tin Pan Alley" originated from the sound of pianos being vigorously played by song pluggers, who demonstrated tunes to publishers. The phrase "tin pan" was used to describe the sound produced by these pianos. Tin Pan Alley encompassed various commercial music genres, including ballads, dance music, and vaudeville It became synonymous with American popular music in general and was the most profitable commercial product for songwriters during its peak.
The start of Tin Pan Alley is typically traced back to around 1885 when several music publishers established themselves in the same district of Manhattan. The end of Tin Pan Alley is less clear-cut, with some dating it to the start of the Great Depression in the 1930s when other forms of media, such as phonographs, radio, and motion pictures, began to overshadow sheet music. Others consider Tin Pan Alley to have continued into the 1950s, when rock & roll gained prominence and the music industry shifted its focus to the Brill Building.
The Brill Building, located on Broadway, became a hub for songwriters and was seen as a natural outgrowth of Tin Pan Alley. It served as a center for the production of popular music, with both established and emerging songwriters finding work there.
Overall, Tin Pan Alley played a significant role in shaping American popular music and its influence can still be felt today.
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The neighborhood on New York City, around West 28th Street, where many of the music publishers of the end of the nineteenth century through mid-twentieth century were located. The name is attributed to New York Herald journalist Monroe Rosenfeld who was describing the sound coming from the open windows of the publishing houses. Some of the composers associated with Tin Pan Alley included Irving Berlin, Cole Porter, Jerome Kern, George Gershwin, Harold Arlen, Charles Harris, Arthur Lamb, and Harry Warren. In 1914 it was the birthplace of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) which was intended to enforce payment of royalties to composers and publishers for public performances.
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