temperament

As used in the 17th century, the term "well tempered" meant that the twelve notes per octave of the standard keyboard were tuned in such a way that it was possible to play music in all major or minor keys that were commonly in use, without sounding perceptibly out of tune.

Meantone temperament represents an attempt to avoid the problems of Pythagorean tuning or just intonation. In fact, several meantone temperament systems exist, but they all share the tendency to narrow the fifths in order to maintain the purity of the “common thirds”.

Twelve-tone equal temperament. 12-tone equal temperament, which divides the octave into 12 intervals of equal size, is the musical system most widely used today, especially in Western music.

So, in summary, temperament is a choice of tuning for the notes of a scale whose name refers to a compromise from some ideal tuning which is not practically achievable (pure intervals in any key whatsoever), and intonation is the adherence to the temperament: how well is the chosen tuning actually achieved by the ...

Temperament refers to personality traits that determine how someone reacts to the world. Are they quiet or rambunctious? Easygoing or apprehensive? The traits of temperament are mostly innate traits that we are born with, although they can be influenced by an individual's family, culture or their experiences.

EQUAL TEMPERAMENT It's a tuning system where the octave is divided into 12 perfectly-equal half steps, or semitones. Another way of imagining it is as a pie. The pie represents one octave - which is divided into 12 equal slices. As a result, the only pure interval is the octave.

Medically reviewed by Karen Foster, LPC. Updated September 27, 2023by BetterHelp Editorial Team. Temperament generally refers to a person's typical mood and how they approach the world. In the past, there were normally four major temperament types, including sanguine, melancholic, phlegmatic, and choleric.

Although Hippocrates was the first to think of a connection between bodily fluids and behavior, it was a physician named Galen of Pergamon in the second century A.D, who further developed and promoted the concept of temperaments.

"Temperament refers to the various tuning systems for the subdivision of the octave," the four principal tuning systems being Pythagorean tuning, just intonation, mean-tone temperament, and equal temperament.

For example, P is a twelve-tone row starting on C (pitch integer 0), P is a twelve-tone row starting on E♭, and so forth. The same is the case for row forms like I (starting on D), I (starting on F), on so forth.

Temperament is an aspect of personality often concerned with emotional dispositions and reactions. It can be used to describe a person's typical mood. According to the ancient Greeks, there may be four temperaments: choleric, sanguine, phlegmatic, and melancholic.

According to Galen, the imbalance of pairs resulted in one of the four temperament categories (or personality types): sanguine (being optimistic and social), choleric (being short-tempered and irritable), melancholic (being analytical and quiet), and phlegmatic (being relaxed and peaceful).