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Meaning of Recitative in Music

Recitative is a type of singing that is most often used in opera and oratorio. It is characterized by the soloist adopting the rhythm and delivery of ordinary speech to move the plot forward. Unlike the more formal aria form in opera, which prioritizes complex melody, rhythm, harmony, and instrumentation, recitative focuses on advancing the action of the opera or oratorio.

Recitative is a rhythmically free vocal style that imitates the natural inflections of speech. It is used for dialogue and narrative in music. The vocalist is guided by the free rhythm of the words, so the instrumental accompaniment is fairly minimal.

The term "recitative" comes from the Italian word "recitativo," which means "to recite" or "to read aloud." It goes back to the Latin word "recitare" with the same meaning.

Types of Recitative

There are different types of recitative in opera, each with its own characteristics:

1. **Recitativo secco**: This is the simplest and most recognizable type of recitative. It features a vocalist accompanied by a continuo, typically a harpsichord or a fortepiano. The accompaniment is sparse, and the vocalist follows the natural rhythm of the text. An example of recitativo secco can be found in Rossini's opera "Il Barbiere di Siviglia".

2. **Recitativo accompagnato**: This type of recitative is accompanied by a full orchestra. The musical tempo varies with the words being sung or spoken, creating a more dramatic effect. The accompaniment is more prominent and expressive compared to recitativo secco. An example of recitativo accompagnato can be found in Mozart's opera "Don Giovanni".

Role of Recitative in Opera and Oratorio

Recitative plays a crucial role in opera and oratorio. It is used to carry the dialogue and advance the action of the plot. While arias are melodic and expressive songs, recitatives are meant to move the plot along or provide additional information in the story. In early operas, recitative was often used to communicate the emotions of the text, while in later operas, the expression of emotion was left to the arias.

In oratorios and cantatas, recitative serves a similar function of advancing the narrative or describing the action. It helps to connect the different musical moments and move the story forward between the high musical moments.

Examples of Recitative in Music

- In Rossini's opera "Il Barbiere di Siviglia," there are several examples of recitative, both secco and accompagnato. One example is the recitative "Listen to this section from Rossini's Il Barbiere di Siviglia, beginning around 23:00".

- In Mozart's opera "Don Giovanni," there are also examples of recitative, including the recitative of Donna Elvira.

- Beethoven used instrumental recitative in several of his works, including Piano Sonata No. 17 (The Tempest), Piano Sonata No. 31, and the opening section of the Finale of his Ninth Symphony.

Conclusion

Recitative is a type of singing in opera and oratorio that adopts the rhythm and delivery of ordinary speech to move the plot forward. It is characterized by its free rhythm, minimal instrumental accompaniment, and focus on advancing the action of the opera or oratorio. There are different types of recitative, including recitativo secco and recitativo accompagnato, each with its own characteristics and role in the music.

A French term for recitative.

In addition, you can familiarize yourself with the terms:

Popular questions related to récitative

recitative, style of monody (accompanied solo song) that emphasizes and indeed imitates the rhythms and accents of spoken language, rather than melody or musical motives.

Aria. A self-contained piece for solo voice, usually accompanied by orchestra. In opera, arias mostly appear during a pause in dramatic action when a character is reflecting on their emotions. Most arias are lyrical, with a tune that can be hummed, and many arias include musical repetition.

Recitativo stromentato or accompagnato Used at dramatically important moments, it is more emotional in character. Its vocal line is more melodic, and often it leads into a formal aria. Examples include 'Thus saith the Lord' from Handel's Messiah; and Haydn and Mozart were also fond of it.

: a rhythmically free vocal style that imitates the natural inflections of speech and that is used for dialogue and narrative in operas and oratorios. also : a passage to be delivered in this style.

Recitative is found in oratorios and operas from the Baroque period onwards. Typically, it involves a predominantly syllabic setting of a text to a homophonic accompaniment; it is used for dialogue, narration, plot exposition, and to introduce arias and sometimes choruses in the Baroque period.

recitative in American English 1. a type of declamatory singing, with the rhythm and tempo of speech, but uttered in musical tones, used in the prose parts and dialogue of operas and oratorios. 2. a work or passage in this style.

Aria name meaning and origin In Italian, Aria translates to "air" but also means song or melody.

Aria definition: An aria is a solo song for a singer in an opera. Typically, the famous and familiar songs we know from operas are arias.

Recitative is a type of singing that is closer to speech than song. It is used in opera or oratoria to move the story along. An example of recitative from the film "Juan" based on the opera "Don Giovanni" composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 1789. This type of singing contrasts with aria.

Recitative (/ˌrɛsɪtəˈtiːv/, also known by its Italian name recitativo ([retʃitaˈtiːvo])) is a style of delivery (much used in operas, oratorios, and cantatas) in which a singer is allowed to adopt the rhythms and delivery of ordinary speech. Recitative does not repeat lines as formally composed songs do.

Recitative is found in oratorios and operas from the Baroque period onwards. Typically, it involves a predominantly syllabic setting of a text to a homophonic accompaniment; it is used for dialogue, narration, plot exposition, and to introduce arias and sometimes choruses in the Baroque period.

One of the biggest questions we see around the recitative is: “What's the difference between aria and recitative?” The main difference is that recitatives are focused on the action and drive the opera's plot, whereas arias focus on the character's feelings and drive the opera's emotional life.

recitative, style of monody (accompanied solo song) that emphasizes and indeed imitates the rhythms and accents of spoken language, rather than melody or musical motives.

: a rhythmically free vocal style that imitates the natural inflections of speech and that is used for dialogue and narrative in operas and oratorios. also : a passage to be delivered in this style.

Recitativo stromentato or accompagnato Used at dramatically important moments, it is more emotional in character. Its vocal line is more melodic, and often it leads into a formal aria. Examples include 'Thus saith the Lord' from Handel's Messiah; and Haydn and Mozart were also fond of it.

Recitative is found in oratorios and operas from the Baroque period onwards. Typically, it involves a predominantly syllabic setting of a text to a homophonic accompaniment; it is used for dialogue, narration, plot exposition, and to introduce arias and sometimes choruses in the Baroque period.

Recitative is a type of singing that is closer to speech than song. It is used in opera or oratoria to move the story along. An example of recitative from the film "Juan" based on the opera "Don Giovanni" composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 1789. This type of singing contrasts with aria.

Examples of recitative She put across the recitative with the power of a great tragedienne. In the recitative in question, however, unison becomes the persistent texture.

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