licenza

Article Talk. A licenza (Italian for "licence") aria or finale is a passage in an opera written in the 18th century or earlier in which the royal patron such as a king or queen or prince who was in the audience was celebrated onstage by the singers.

Allegro (Italian: 'lively'). Meaning the music should be played cheerfully.

[French, broad or broadly] A French term directing the musicians to perform the indicated passage of the composition with a broad tempo, or fairly slow. Similar to lent, meaning slow, and is used to designate a tempo range from largo to lento or a metronome marking from around 40 to 60 beats per minute.

Tutti is an Italian word literally meaning all or together and is used as a musical term, for the whole orchestra as opposed to the soloist. It is applied similarly to choral music, where the whole section or choir is called to sing.

sfz means sforzando , a sudden accent. fp means fortepiano , loud then soft. sf means subito forte , play 'suddenly' (subito) loud (forte) rfz means rinforzando , play with gradual emphasis or broad accentuation until otherwise noted.

Sforzando sfz is an indication to make a strong, sudden accent on a note or chord. Sforzando literally means subito forzando (fz), which translates to “suddenly with force.” The effect of sfz may be interpreted and explained in both dynamics (volume) and articulation.

Vivace Vivace – lively and fast (132–140 BPM) Presto – extremely fast (168–177 BPM) Prestissimo – even faster than Presto (178 BPM and over)

Largo is an Italian tempo marking meaning 'broadly' or, in other words, 'slowly'.

45–50 BPM Grave – slow and solemn (20–40 BPM) Lento – slowly (40–45 BPM) Largo – broadly (45–50 BPM)

The different styles of music are art music, folk music, and popular music. Within these broad categories, styles include Western art music, rock, and jazz. Within these styles, even more specific styles can be distinguished, such as progressive rock and punk rock.

Polyphonic texture: Music with two or more independent melodies sounding at the same time. The most intricate types of polyphonic texture - canon and fugue - may introduce three, four, five or more independent melodies simultaneously! This manner of writing is called COUNTERPOINT.

A duet is a musical composition for two performers in which the performers have equal importance to the piece, often a composition involving two singers or two pianists. It differs from a harmony, as the performers take turns performing a solo section rather than performing simultaneously.